| Customization: | Available |
|---|---|
| Material: | Diamond |
| Abrasive: | Superabrasive |
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The grinding wheel is a cutting tool. It's an abrasive cutting tool.
In a grinding wheel, the abrasive performs the same function as the teeth in a saw. But unlike a saw, which has teeth only on its edge, the grinding wheel has abrasive grains distributed throughout the wheel. Thousands of these hard, tough grains move against the workpiece to cut away tiny chips of material.
Grinding wheels and other bonded abrasives have two major components: the abrasive grains that do the actual cutting and the bond that holds the grains together and supports them while they cut. The percentages of grain and bond and their spacing in the wheel determine the wheel's structure.
| Coarse | Medium | Fine | Very Fine |
| 8 | 30 | 70 | 220 |
| 10 | 36 | 80 | 240 |
| 12 | 46 | 90 | 280 |
| 14 | 54 | 100 | 320 |
| 16 | 60 | 120 | 400 |
| 20 | - | 150 | 500 |
| 24 | - | 180 | 600 |
Grinding wheels are abrasive cutting tools. The abrasive grains distributed on the surface of the wheel form thousands of cutting points capable of cutting away tiny chips of material. These grains are held together by a bond, in most cases a mixture of selected clays, and separated by pores.
When the wheel is in use, the abrasive grains cut into the material that is being ground, removing the unwanted surface material in small chips. The type of the abrasive, the size of the abrasive grains (or grit), and the type of bond are the three most important characteristics to consider when choosing a grinding wheel.
There are four main types of abrasive grains available for grinding discs. Each type has unique properties when it comes to hardness, strength, fracture toughness and resistance to impact. The choice of the abrasive is inevitably related to the material of the workpiece.
Aluminum Oxide is the most common abrasive used in grinding wheels. It is generally recommended for grinding materials like stainless steel and tool steels, but it can also be used on some high tensile aluminum and bronze alloys.
Harder than standard aluminum oxide with a very sharp abrasive grain, it is often used for grinding gray iron, chilled iron, brass, soft bronze and aluminum, as well as stone, rubber and other non-ferrous materials.
For use in rough grinding applications where high stock removal is required. This grain is associated with high-tech resin bonds.
Often referred to as just "Ceramic", this is the most modern type of abrasive. This ceramic grain has a unique microcrystalline structure that is self-sharpening. This abrasive is exceptionally hard and strong. It is primarily used for precision grinding in demanding applications on steels and alloys that are the most difficult to grind.
As we mentioned above, grit is related to the size of the abrasive grains distributed on the wheels. The higher the grit size, the finer the abrasive is. The basic descriptions of abrasive types range from coarse to medium to fine. Here's a basic table of the different kinds of grit sizes.
Grinding wheels with a low grit size are commonly used in applications where the material finish is not important, and the focus is on material removal. On the other hand, fine grit wheels are preferred when finish is a fundamental aspect of the project.
Bond is the material that holds the abrasive grains together so they can cut effectively. The bond must wear away as the abrasive grains wear and are expelled so new sharp grains are exposed. Most grinding wheels are made with vitrified bonds, which consist of a mixture of carefully selected clays. These types of wheels are strong and porous and are not affected by water, acid, oils or variations in temperature.
An important aspect to consider when it comes to bonds is their strength or grade.
Strong bonds, or hard grades, are recommended for soft materials, small or narrow areas of contact, or longer wheel life. Weak bonds, or soft grades, are preferable for hard materials, such as hard tool steels or carbides, for large areas of contact, or for rapid stock removal.
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